Influencing Factors
Several factors can affect acne by modulating keratinization, sebum production, dermal inflammation, and bacterial proliferation.
Human hormones
The transition into puberty and adolescence is marked by hormonal surges, which can cause acne. Hormones are the cause of acne complaints in adolescents and young adults.
Testosterone is a masculine sex hormone that is produced by the testicles. It is classified as an androgen. This hormone is responsible for male sexual maturation. This hormone signals the oil glands to produce more oil during puberty, resulting in acne. Acne is a common occurrence during puberty, but if it worsens, spironolactone can be used to balance the production of testosterone. There is also a tiny amount of testosterone in females. Many women suffer from acne during menopause. It occurs as a result of decreased estrogen production, which halts menstruation and tips the scales in favor of elevated testosterone levels.
Pregnancy is also associated with hormonal fluctuations and stress-induced changes in temperament. All of these factors can cause acne.
Menstruation is also characterized by a monthly cycle of fluctuating hormone levels. This is the reason why teenage females may experience acne before or during menstruation. A disruption in the menstrual cycle can also indicate a hormonal imbalance and result in an outbreak of acne.
This disorder of ovarian hypertrophy and cyst development disrupts the hormonal regulation system. Acne can cause excessive facial hair growth in addition to acne.
