Two Varieties Of Urethritis
Two varieties of urethritis exist: gonorrheal and non-gonorrheal. Each disease has a unique pathophysiology. (5)
Contagious gonorrhoea
N. gonorrhoeae is typically transmitted from the genital tract to the human host.
Once attached to the host cell, gonococci endure parasite-directed endocytosis, a process in which they are ingested. The organism will survive and propagate within the vacuoles.
The following are virulence factors of gonococci:
Pili
Cleavage of IgA by extracellular proteases and the ability to adhere to urethral epithelium
Not gonococcal
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent non-gonorrheal cause of chlamydia.
As part of the infection process, the host cell attaches to the surface of the infection and initiates phagocytosis. In order to persist within a cell, the pathogen damages the lysosomes and produces elementary bodies, which are the infectious form of the pathogen.
Gross Pathology Gross pathology may reveal mucopurulent discharge, mucoid discharge, or purulent discharge.
Microscopy of gonococcal
Among the characteristic findings are
A Gram-negative intracellular diplococci (GNID) or a purple intracellular diplococci stained with methylene blue or gentian violet.
Epithelial cells infiltrated the stroma
Multiple-shaped nuclei
Multiple organisms within a single vacuole
Signs of inflammation are present, but Gram-negative intracellular diplococci (GNID) are not present.
