Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)
Squamous cells are one of the three primary cell types found in the epidermis. These cells are located near the skin’s surface and are planar. They are shed as they age, and new cells are formed in their stead.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most prevalent type of skin cancer and is characterized by abnormal and accelerated squamous cell proliferation. If diagnosed early, they may be treatable. Derived from SCC, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are a related variant. “Cutaneous” refers to cancers such as skin cancer and is distinct from squamous cell cancers, which can develop in the pharynx, mouth, and lungs.
SCC can develop as a consequence of exposure to ultraviolet radiation and other damaging agents that induce abnormal squamous cell changes. SCC manifests as open sores, crimson blotches, and rough, thickened growths. Occasionally, SCCs crust, itch, and hemorrhage. The lesions are formed and appear on sun-exposed body parts. SCC occurs in various areas of the body, including heredity, and appears differently in each individual.
Their appearance can vary based on the location and composition of the epidermis. They can be persistent, appearing as a red, scaly region with irregular, crusting or bleeding borders. It is also possible to develop open wounds that hemorrhage and persist for weeks.
If detected early, the majority of SCCs are readily treatable, but if allowed to progress, these lesions can become dangerous, lethal, and disfiguring. Untreated SCC can become invasive, penetrate deeper skin layers, and spread to other parts of the body. SCC is less prevalent than basal cell cancer (BCC).
