Laparoscopy
Before a surgical procedure, laparoscopy is used to establish that the cancer has spread to nearby areas. If the CT scan and other tests are unable to detect malignancy in the surrounding areas, this method is utilized. A very thin tube containing a camera and miniature light is inserted into the body through an abdominal incision. Typical adverse consequences of this method
abdominal cramps
Insufficiency of oxygen
Bleeding and edema at the surgical sites
Urinary complication
