Lifestyle Effects
These conditions may be caused by a poor diet, unhealthy behaviors, and lack of physical activity. Among these lifestyle factors are:
Cigarette smoking
Lack of physical activity, particularly strength training
Many occasions of consuming alcohol
a deficiency in vitamin D or calcium
Other circumstances can also increase the risk of osteopenia:
Anorexia nervosa.
Anorexic Disorder
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism (
Cushing’s disease
Inflammatory disorders including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn’s disease
Throughout your existence, your bones undergo constant change. New bone develops as old bone degrades and is assimilated by the body. When you are youthful, you produce new bone faster than your body can absorb it. When a person is young, new bone develops rapidly, followed by the breakdown of older bone. This may result in an increase in bone mass. Once the body begins rapidly breaking down old bone and forming new bone, mass begins to decrease. Loss of bone mass diminishes bones and may cause them to break down. This initial stage of bone loss is known as osteopenia. For some, it may contribute to a more dangerous form of osteoporosis.
Women are more likely than males to suffer from osteopenia. This is due to a number of factors. Overall, women have less bone mass and absorb less calcium than men. Additionally, they are likely to survive longer. As estrogen levels decrease after menopause, the rate of bone loss increases in women. Since ovaries produce estrogen, surgical removal of both ovaries will result in rapid bone loss. There are numerous causes of osteoporosis. Not only do bones lose density with age, but so can medications used to treat arthritis, Crohn’s disease, breast cancer, Addison’s disease, and asthma.
Some diseases, such as hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and dietary disorders, can also cause bone loss. You will seek additional information on these causes of decreased bone density as well as estrogen’s role in bone density. Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones become brittle and lose mineral density. This may increase the likelihood of fractures. Osteoporosis is substantially more prevalent in women after menopause. Nevertheless, several conditions may be associated with reduced bone density. The factors that may affect bone density, including:
Getting older
Aging diminishes bone density because more bone is broken down than is formed. If one lives long enough, osteoporosis will develop in everyone. The most common cause of osteopenia is aging. After your bone mass has increased, your body degrades aged bone faster than it forms new bone. This means that you may lose bone density. After menopause, women experience accelerated bone loss due to a decrease in estrogen levels. If you lose a lot of weight, your bone mass may become low enough to be diagnosed as osteopenia. Approximately half of Americans older than 50 have osteopenia. The greater the number of such risk factors, the greater the likelihood that:
A family history of BMD reduction
Not having enough physical activity
Being a woman
Menopause before the age of 45
Ovary removal prior to menopause
Being older than 50 years of age
Consuming excessive amounts of caffeine or alcohol
An absence of vitamin D and calcium in the diet
Utilization of phenytoin or prednisone
Using or consuming other tobacco varieties
Alcoholic beverage
Alcohol consumption increases the risk of developing osteopenia or osteoporosis.
Hydrogen phosphate
Calcium deficiency affects bone density and the muscles that maintain bone health, so adequate calcium intake is essential.
ovarian cancer
Women with breast cancer are more likely to develop osteopenia and osteoporosis as a result of the treatments and their effects on estrogen levels.
Corticosteroid medication
Asteroid substitute hormone consisting of:
The hormone hydrocortisone
The drug Prednisolone
The hormone Dexamethasone
The hormone Cortisone
Long-term use (greater than two months) of oral corticosteroid type medications with doses exceeding 5-7.5 mg of prednisolone per day increases the risk of developing osteopenia or osteoporosis by decreasing bone density and bone formation. If additional risk factors for osteopenia or osteoporosis occur, such as menopause, the effect on the bones will be more hazardous. Corticosteroid treatment may be prescribed for a variety of conditions, including:
Having asthma
Chronic respiratory illness
Certain cutaneous disorders
Rheumatoid joint disease
Colitis inflammatoire (Crohn’s disease)
Addison’s illness: This may result in a deficiency of the cortisol hormone, which is treated with corticosteroid medications.
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