Certain Drugs
Drugs are the leading cause of anaphylaxis, particularly in the geriatric population. Drug-induced anaphylaxis is also the most severe, accounting for 58% of fatal anaphylaxis cases. By both Ig E and non-Ig E mechanisms, drugs induce anaphylaxis. The majority of drug-induced anaphylaxis cases are reported in hospitals. Important medications in this regard include:
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play an important function in numerous areas of drug therapy. These substances are also known to induce allergic reactions such as urticaria and swelling. Recently, NSAID-induced anaphylaxis has increased significantly. Some patients within this domain are sensitive to both COX-1 and COX-2 drugs. However, the other group of drugs can effectively treat some patients.
Antibiotics are one of the most common causes of anaphylaxis. The leader in this context is penicillin. Due to similar mechanisms, additional antibiotics can cause anaphylaxis as well.
Contrast media: Contrast media are utilised in a variety of internal imaging procedures, such as CT scans and MRIs. It has been shown that iodinated contrast media can induce anaphylaxis. A minimum of 20 minutes of post-administration observation is recommended.
Various muscle relaxants administered in a hospital setting have been reported to induce anaphylactic reactions. Several anti-HIV medications have also been added to the list.
