Anaphylaxis Causes & Triggers
Allergens are the substances that trigger allergies or anaphylaxis. [4] Generally speaking, the most common allergens are food, pharmaceuticals, and insect toxins. Different populations vary in their sensitivity to prevalent allergens. Certain chemical entities in these allergens, which are primarily protein-based, activate the immune system to produce an allergic response. Under the primary headings, the nature of each allergen is discussed in greater depth.
Role of histamine and other mediators as anaphylaxis-causing agents
Histamine is the most significant chemical mediator in the body and is responsible for mediating the majority of anaphylaxis symptoms. In the case of a local allergic reaction, it acts after being immediately released from mast cells. In the case of anaphylaxis, it acts in various parts of the body. The receptor for histamine is then found in blood vessels, lung tissue, the brain and neurons, and the digestive tract. It stimulates the adrenal organs as well. Histamine primarily mediates blood vessel dilation and increased permeability and its concomitant presentation of the skin, bronchoconstriction in the lungs to cause difficulty breathing, etc.
